国外新构造研究进展述评   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

程绍平  杨桂枝 《地震地质》2008,30(1):31-43

过去10多年间,新构造学的研究前沿集中在地表过程和地壳过程相互作用的理论模型和实际观察方面。文中从造山带构造、地表侵蚀过程和气候的相互作用,大陆裂谷带中裂谷段的相互作用,横向水系和夷平面等4个方面介绍了国外的最新研究进展并给予评述。作者认为:在地球动力学模型中包括了地表过程是认识造山带和裂开边缘发育的明显进步;横向水系和夷平面成因的地貌学经典概念依然具有生命力  相似文献   

砂性地层中地铁盾构隧道管片结构受力特征研究   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

何川  曾东洋 《岩土力学》2007,28(5):909-914

以南京地铁一号线穿越砂性地层盾构隧道为研究对象,对管片环施工全过程和稳定期进行了现场系统研究。采用考虑结构与地层相互作用的梁-弹簧模型进行理论计算,探讨了砂性地层中盾尾注浆、土体应力松弛、水压力及拼装方式对管片环土水压力、纵缝张开量、内力等的分布和变化规律的影响,揭示了砂性地层中地铁盾构隧道管片环的结构性能及其与地层的相互作用特性,提出了适用于砂性地层条件下的地铁盾构隧道设计原则与方法。  相似文献   

FAULT ACTIVITY OF THE SOUTHWESTERN SEGMENT OF THE EASTERN BRANCH OF XINYI-LIANJIANG FAULT ZONE IN GUANGDONG PROVINCE          下载免费PDF全文

ZHANG Long-sheng  ZHOU Ben-gang  JI Feng-ju  YANG Xiao-ping  AN Yan-fen 《地震地质》2016,38(2):316-328

The NE-trending Xinyi-Lianjiang fault zone is a tectonic belt, located in the interior of the Yunkai uplift in the west of Guangdong Province, clamping the Lianjiang synclinorium and consisting of the eastern branch and the western branch. The southwestern segment of the eastern branch of Xinyi-Lianjiang fault zone, about 34km long, extends from the north of Guanqiao, through Lianjiang, to the north of Hengshan. However, it is still unclear about whether the segment extends to Jiuzhoujiang alluvial plain or not, which is in the southwest of Hengshan. If it does, what is about its fault activity? According to ‘Catalogue of the Modern Earthquakes of China’, two moderately strong earthquakes with magnitude 6.0 and 6.5 struck the Lianjiang region in 1605 AD. So it is necessary to acquire the knowledge about the activity of the segment fault, which is probably the corresponding seismogenic structure of the two destructive earthquakes. And the study on the fault activity of the segment can boost the research on seismotectonics of moderately strong earthquakes in Southeast China. In order to obtain the understanding of the existence of the buried fault of the southwestern segment, shallow seismic exploration profiles and composite borehole sections have been conducted. The results indicate its existence. Two shallow seismic exploration profiles show that buried depth of the upper breakpoints and vertical throw of the buried fault are 60m and 4~7m(L5-1 and L5-2 segment, the Hengshan section), 85m and 5~8m(L5-3 segment), 73m and 3~5m(Tiantouzai section), respectively and all of them suggest the buried fault has offset the base of the Quaternary strata. Two composite borehole sections reveal that the depth of the upper breakpoints and vertical throws of the buried segment are about 66m and 7.5m(Hengshan section) and 75m and 5m(Tiantouzai section), respectively. The drilling geological section in Hengshan reveals that the width of the fault could be up to 27m. Chronology data of Quaternary strata in the two drilling sections, obtained by means of electron spin resonance(ESR), suggest that the latest activity age of the buried fault of the southwestern segment is from late of early Pleistocene(Tiantouzai section) to early stage of middle Pleistocene(Hengshan section). Slip rates, obtained by Hengshan section and Tiantouzai section, are 0.1mm/a and 0.013mm/a, respectively. As shown by the fault profile located in a bedrock exposed region in Shajing, there are at least two stages of fault gouge and near-horizontal striation on the fault surface, indicating that the latest activity of the southwestern segment is characterized by strike-slip movement. Chronology data suggest that the age of the gouge formed in the later stage is(348±49) ka.  相似文献   

TRANSVERSE STRUCTURES FEATURES OF DIFFERENT DEPTHS DERIVED FROM BOUGUER GRAVITY ANOMALIES IN THE SOUTHERN SEGMENT OF TAN-LU FAULT ZONE          下载免费PDF全文

WANG Xin  ZHANG Jing-fa  JIANG Wen-liang  JIANG Hong-bo  TIAN Tian  GAO Min  FU Ping-jie 《地震地质》2016,38(2):370-385

To research the faults distribution and deep structures in the southern segment of Tan-Lu fault zone(TLFZ) and its adjacent area, this paper collects the Bouguer gravity data and makes separation by the multi-scale wavelet analysis method to analyze the crustal transverse structure of different depths. Meanwhile Moho interface is inversed by Parker variable density model. Research indicates that the southern segment of TLFZ behaves as a NNE-directed large-scale regional field gravity gradient zone, which separates the west North China-Dabie orogen block and the east Yangtze block, cutting the whole crust and lithosphere mantle. There are quite differences of density structures and tectonic features between both sides of this gradient belt. The sedimentary and upper crustal density structure is complex. The two east branches of TLFZ behave as linear gravity anomalous belt throughout the region, whereas the two west branches of TLFZ continue to extend after truncating the EW-trending gravity anomaly body. The lower crustal density structure is relatively simple. TLFZ behaves as a broad and gentle low abnormal belt, which reflects the Cretaceous-Paleogene extension environment caused graben structure. The two west branches of TLFZ, running through Hefei city, extend southward along the west margin of Feidong depression and pinch out in Shucheng area due to the high density trap occlusions in the south of Shucheng. The Feizhong Fault, Liu'an-Hefei Fault, and Feixi-Hanbaidu Fault intersect the two west branch faults of TLFZ without extending to the east. Recent epicenters are mainly located in conversion zones between the high-density and the low-density anomaly, especially in TLFZ and the junction of the faults, where earthquakes frequently occurred in the upper and middle crust. As strong earthquakes rarely occur in the southern segment of TLFZ, considering its deep feature of abrupt change of the Moho and intersections with many EW-trending faults, the hazard of strong earthquake cannot be ignored.  相似文献   

CHANGES IN FAULT MOVEMENT PROPERTY AND GENETIC MECHANISM ON THE WESTERN SEGMENT OF THE XIANGSHAN-TIANJINGSHAN FAULT ZONE          下载免费PDF全文

LI Xin-nan  LI Chuan-you  ZHANG Pei-zhen  WANG Xu-guang  ZHANG Long-sheng 《地震地质》2016,38(3):732-746

The Xiangshan-Tianjingshan fault zone is an important part of the arc tectonic zone in northeastern Tibet, whose eastern segment is characterized by primarily left-lateral slip along with thrust component. In contrast, the fault movement property on the western segment of the Xiangshan-Tianjingshan fault zone is more complicated. According to the offset geomorphic features and cross sections revealed by the trenches and outcrops, the western segment is mainly a left-lateral strike-slip fault with normal component, and only accompanied with reverse component at specific positions. To determine the genetic mechanism of fault movement property on the western segment, we obtained three main factors based on the integrated analysis of fault geometry:(1)Step-overs:the left-stepping parallel faults in a sinistral shear zone create extensional step-overs and control the nearby and internal fault movement property; (2)terminal structures:they are conductive to stop rupture propagation and produce compressive deformation at the end of the fault trace; and(3)double bends:strike-slip faults have trace that bends such that slip between two adjacent blocks creates a compressive stress and thrust fault. Additionally, the Tianjingshan sub-block moves to SEE and creates an extensional stress at the end of the sub-block associated with normal faults. It shows that the Xiangshan-Tianjingshan fault zone has a complex evolution history, which is divided into two distinctive periods and characterized by laterally westward propagating.  相似文献   

随机介质理论预测近距离平行盾构引起的地表沉降     

魏纲  周杨侃 《岩土力学》2016,37(Z2):113-119

提出近距离双线水平平行盾构施工引起的总的地表沉降曲线符合正态分布规律。基于单线随机介质理论简化公式,针对现有不足,建立修正的随机介质理论简化计算公式,可以计算近距离双线平行盾构施工引起的地表沉降,同时能够考虑沉降曲线的不对称性,对计算参数取值进行了探讨。算例分析结果表明,文中方法预测值与实测值比较吻合,且计算比较简便。实测数据统计结果表明,先行隧道开挖后双线隧道的半径收敛值比先行隧道半径收敛值要大,而主要影响角则变小;提出可直接用于近距离界定的式（6）,认为双线隧道的地表沉降曲线形状与P值大小有关,近距离的界定范围为 。  相似文献   

盾构隧道抬升作用下极限上覆土压力计算方法     

周俊宏  宫全美  周顺华  韩高孝 《岩土力学》2016,37(7):1969-1976

注浆抬升技术是盾构隧道不均匀沉降治理的有效措施之一,但目前尚存在隧道抬升过程上覆土压力计算困难而无法估算抬升引起的隧道受力变形的问题。利用透明土结合PIV观测技术设计研发了模拟盾构隧道抬升的小比尺室内模型试验系统,通过试验获得了隧道抬升过程极限上覆土压力及上覆土速度场,根据上覆土的剪切滑移特征将上覆土分成了4个不同的运动区域,进而结合相关联流动法则,提出了隧道抬升作用下极限上覆土压力计算模型,并基于虚功平衡方程,推导了极限上覆土压力计算表达式。将计算所得的极限上覆土压力值与试验结果进行对比,两者有较好的吻合度,计算误差在4%～15%之间。  相似文献   

盾构隧道推进对邻近地下管线影响的物理模型试验研究     

朱叶艇  张桓  张子新  黄昕  刘宽 《岩土力学》2016,37(Z2):151-160

以上海地铁11号线某区间盾构工程为背景,采用相似物理模型试验研究盾构隧道开挖对上方垂直于隧道轴线的地下管线的影响,并将试验结果与数值解对比。采用量纲分析法推导出文中模型试验的相似准则,并基于该相似准则设计出盾构机和隧道模型,分别通过管线刚度试验和模糊数学综合评判方法选定模型管线和配制相似土材料。研究结果表明,自主开发的半自动盾构掘进装置能较好地模拟盾构的开挖过程,较人工开挖扰动更小;下方盾构隧道开挖使管线产生的竖向变形关于隧道轴线呈对称分布,其形态符合高斯曲线的特征,最大竖向变形位于隧道轴线正上方处,竖向变形反弯点出现在与隧道轴线水平距离约一倍隧道直径的位置处;隧道开挖对管线的影响范围随管隧间距的增加而减小,管线竖向变形曲线的反弯点位置随管隧垂直间距的增大而有所内移;管线刚度对管线竖向变形的影响相对较小。  相似文献   

基于线段的基本线/线拓扑关系计算     

倪建华  周晓光  胡克新 《测绘软科学研究》2009,(5):39-43

空间拓扑关系是空间数据建模、空间查询、分析、推理、制图综合、数据质量控制、数据更新等的基础。目前空间拓扑关系研究的主要成果仍然集中在拓扑关系的描述方面,在计算方面的阐述都非常薄弱,不足以指导系统开发人员编程实现。本文研究了IR2中两个简单线目标间拓扑关系的计算方法,重点分析了线/线拓扑关系计算的特点,提出了一种基于线段的线/线拓扑关系计算方法,并用VC＋＋采用底层开发模式实现了基本线/线拓扑关系的计算。  相似文献   

�ܹ�����������ϵ�������ݴ������о�   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

罗三明  万文妮  高培芝  苏建锋 《大地测量与地球动力学》2007,27(5):123-127

????????????﹫????????????ζ??????????????????????????????????????????????λ????????μ?????????衢????????????????????裬??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????侫??????ó???????????????????????ε????????????????????????????????????????????淶????????????????????????????????????????  相似文献